Anything that changes your flow rate at a given grind size (read fines to main mode ratio), or forces you to change grind size (again read fines to main mode ratio) to match your previous flow rate will have a large impact on extraction.

Many baskets do that. Number of holes, edge to edge coverage, average hole size, all of those matter. A Pullman basket doesn't behave like a slanted wall old school Italiian basket, nor should it. There are baskets more suited for certain styles of shots and other suited for other styles of shots.

For a more extreme example, I added a paper filter to the bottom of a Cafelat Robot. Immediately 3% higher extraction yield, sometimes higher even. Say what you want about texture, that puck was more thoroughly extracted.