Timed grinding is a very bad way to dose consistently. Grind rate is affected by the bean type, how full the hopper is, the grind setting, and accumulating operator errors (every time a previous error changes the flow rate, the operator changes grind setting or grind time with no real clue why the flow changed in the first place).
Volume dosing is much more consistent, good to about 1/3rd gram, when the grounds are compressed in a standardized way before dosing, as Greg describes.
There is a small and a big drawback to volume dosing.
- The small drawback is well known, you get the volume of the basket, and to change it you need another basket or a set of curved leveling tools.
- The big drawback is that the combination of fixed volume dosing and grind setting changes is an unstable equilibrium. If you make the grind finer, you also increase the packing efficiency and effective density of the coffee powder. This means tiny grind changes lead to excessively large changes in flow, and make adjustments far more difficult than they need to be. I'm pretty postive that in Italy, where people use full dosers, they compensate for flow changes by making a dose adjustment turning the doisng screw, not a grind adjustment. If you use a sculpted dosing tool set, going one size up or down, may be better than adjusting the grind
Of course, all these complications go away as soon as you weigh doses. Espresso dosing is basically in the dark ages, what other commodity is not dispensed by weight? I dislike the extra work required by weight dosing, and I regret that it cannot be used commercially. How difficult is it to build a grinder that single dose grinds and properly dispenses a pre-weighed dose of whole beans quickly and reliably? The Versalab M3 is proof of concept, a viable design needs to be more reliable and faster, but should be quite doable.