IMHO, shot timing is useful, but only as a tertiary measure, preceded by volume and color. The H-B FAQs contain links to threads about
shot timing,
shot blonding, and even
basic diagnosis and
discussions about what constitutes a 'ristretto', 'normale' and 'lungo'. These aren't the whimsical fancy of a single member, but rather the collective input and knowledge of site contributors that address what appear to be your core questions.
The general consensus appears to be that, yes, blonding can represent the extraction of compounds that may be less than desirable. However, [you | PBTC] appear to be confusing volume (ristretto/normale/lungo) & timing. These variables are related, but not the same. One can pull a 50sec ristretto, or a 15sec ristretto ending on the same color, depending on dose & grind. Whether they taste the same... well.. that's another story.
-s.
Your dog wants espresso.
LMWDP #288