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Electrical Terminology 101: Hot, Neutral, Grounded, etc. - Page 2

Postby Bluecold on Mon May 18, 2009 6:01 pm

O, yeah i forgot that in the USA you also have got 20A. For which you need different plugs and sockets. And those crap out at 2.2kW. Which still is just 60% of what we've got here in Europe.
It still sucks that your power grid is weak, because us Europeans get duped with lower power stuff because mfg's don't want to make different products for Europe. Power tools max out at 2kW. So do electric kettles. And vacuum cleaners (although the vacuum cleaner power war has ended with the success of Dyson). Annoying, because i'd rather not wait 30% longer before my water is boiled.
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Postby HB on Mon May 18, 2009 6:22 pm

Bluecold wrote:It still sucks that your power grid is weak...

We're also stuck with gallons, miles, and pounds. Have a little sympathy, we don't have metric days either (arcane reference to Saturday Night Live "metric leisure time" parody :lol:).
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Postby Psyd on Mon May 18, 2009 6:27 pm

Laral wrote:There a journeyman must go through a rigorous apprenticeship before getting a license. Here, correct me if I'm wrong, it is much easier to get a license.

AND read this snippet from the 2008 NEC article on Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers:

Now granted the neutral is not grounded here but I think in a broad interpretation this would still apply in this case to the NEUTRAL. Again why risk a lawsuit? This covers all grounds.


That snippet of the NEC (and snippets of the NEC and NFP out of context can get you into really serious issues) refers to motors, yeah, but only those motor situations depicted in the illustration marked 430.1. It ain't talking about your sissified single-phase 900W kitchen appliance, lil bro! ; >
While the NEC is a great resource, you must remember that it also covers large manufacturing floor machinery, mining equipment, stage and screen, *and* the theatres that they're in, hotels, construction sites, shipyards, and airport runway lighting.
This particular snippet is referring to the five wire disconnects. It is a lockout that prevents the neutral from being removed while the hots are still connected by idiots who have absolutely no business messing with electricity big enough to vaporize human body parts in timespans measured in milliseconds. I stood next to one of those disconnects last night, although (since the NEC isn't code, but strong suggestions) stage electricians *tend* to be smart enough to know it, and the disco was clearly labeled with the applicable portion of the NEC covering indoor temporary electrical service disconnects, including to "connect the grounding conductor (green) and then the grounded conductor (white) before connecting the a, b, or c phase connectors."

And from my (admittedly not the most recent, but they're costly) version of the NEC Definitions in Article 100, Chapter One:

    Grounded Conductor. A system or circuit conductor
    that is intentionally grounded.
    Grounding Conductor. A conductor used to connect
    equipment or the grounded circuit
    of a wiring system to a
    grounding electrode or electrodes.
    Grounding Conductor, Equipment. The conductor
    used to connect the noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment,
    raceways, and other enclosures to the system grounded
    conductor, the grounding electrode conductor, or both, at the
    service equipment or at the source of a separately derived
    system.
    (Italics mine)
While the NEC is popular, their reference throughout to 'Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) is a nod to the fact that there are really no teeth in the document, only the aggregate knowledge of professionals and experts. Some jurisdictions adopt the NEC as bible, some as reference, and some not at all. In any case, I barely understand the distinctions in the above quote, and I already know what they are talking about.
I used both descriptors in that some folk are used to one set of terminology, and another are used to a different lexicon altogether.
My original subject line included a bit of an invitation to EE's, and Dan discouraged it to garner more general interest. It worked!
It's always good to crack open the books once in a while, keeps me on my toes. You'll never believe how long it took me to get to the applicable parts of the NEC this time, constantly being distracted by interesting bits. I was as frisky as a pointer in Squirrel Park!
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Postby shadowfax on Mon May 18, 2009 6:44 pm

HB wrote:We're also stuck with gallons, miles, and pounds. Have a little sympathy, we don't have metric days either (arcane reference to Saturday Night Live "metric leisure time" parody).


Indeed. And Europe is to blame for the old standards that we continue to cling to... :lol: Countries that obtain services later always have the advantage that they get to learn from all the mistakes that were made in the previous countries when implementing their standards. Turn around and bite the hand that feeds them? Next time, the EU ought to put forth the capital to develop the next big service, and we'll watch them screw it up, copy it with a better one, and then complain about how all the products made for it suck because they have to work on your standard and ours... :roll:
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Postby TeMpTiN on Mon May 18, 2009 6:51 pm

I don't want to pick a fight but the "Grid" is not necessarily any different, nor is the "Service" but at some point in the past it was decided that residential circuits in the US would be 110-120v.

My house in California has 200amp service, the one in Michigan 300amp. There is a 480v plug for the MIG welder and a number of items that run 220v. The lights do not dim when I fire up any of that equipment.
The real fun starts on the family farm in central Nebraska, nearest neighbor 2 miles, nearest town 11 miles nearest city with more than 1500 in population 40-45 miles, Power is solid unless taken down by a tornado or massive ice storm.
I will concede that things in California in the middle of summer do get stretched a little thin, but outside of that state on the west in summer, the "Grid" is plenty strong.

The reason for weaker consumer appliances is a different thread and not one I want to inadvertently start like I did this one.

Edit: wow Got distracted for 5 minutes and 6 posts popped up
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Postby Laral on Mon May 18, 2009 6:55 pm

@Psyd:

Excuse me for asking er, uh, "big bro'", but where are you reading all this into that quote? I see no mention of motor size in the entire article to that point.
IX. Disconnecting Means
430.101 General. Part IX is intended to require disconnecting
means capable of disconnecting motors and controllers
from the circuit.
FPN No. 1: See Figure 430.1.

Image
So where does it in any way imply all that hyperbole you just spewed out? Also how does that quote not apply to your SJ?
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Postby TeMpTiN on Mon May 18, 2009 7:00 pm

Perhaps this might be better argued at Mike Holt's Forum :D :wink:

Thats where i cleaved this very enlightening quote:
The neutral is always the grounded conductor but the grounded conductor isn't always the neutral conductor.


Edit: My intention with the above was to try and cool things down just a touch or at least possibly direct where this thread was heading to a more appropriate venue.
I am fairly proud of the power handling ability and stability on my property's and after re-reading my above posts have realized how I responded in that moment of weakness.

My apologies.
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Postby shadowfax on Mon May 18, 2009 7:06 pm

When in doubt, please refer to the Guidelines for Productive Online Discussion. In particular, I want to say that I understand there's a fine line between busting chops and being condescending, but I do think it's possible to "keep it real" and still allow a little of the former. If you find yourself offended by someone's tone, it's favorable that you resolve such issues privately, rather than fanning 'flames.'
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Postby Laral on Mon May 18, 2009 11:33 pm

If you find yourself offended by someone's tone, it's favorable that you resolve such issues privately, rather than fanning 'flames.'

It's hard to tell who this is addressed to. It could be any or all of us including YOU :wink: :
And Europe is to blame for the old standards that we continue to cling to... :lol: Countries that obtain services later always have the advantage that they get to learn from all the mistakes that were made in the previous countries when implementing their standards. Turn around and bite the hand that feeds them? Next time, the EU ought to put forth the capital to develop the next big service, and we'll watch them screw it up, copy it with a better one, and then complain about how all the products made for it suck because they have to work on your standard and ours... :roll:
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Postby shadowfax on Tue May 19, 2009 12:20 am

Indeed, it is a reminder to all of us, myself included. Thanks for the clarification.
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