There's a thread listed in the related topics that seems pretty relevant to your question,
Caffeine content of espresso. I wonder if you could use those caffeine test strips like D+caf™ Test Strips which will let you know if coffee exceeds a certain threshold, above 20 mg caffeine per 6 oz. serving, combined with diluting your shot to a certain volume to determine the caffeine level. I would think that diluting your shot to an 18 ounce volume would tell you if your caffeine level exceeds 60 mg per shot. You could vary the dilution to bracket the caffeine level. It's $2 per strip, though, so you might just want to go with the aforementioned thread that mentioned (among other things) "The USDA value for Espresso coffee is 64 mg caffeine per fluid ounce." The thread also mentioned lowering the extraction temp.
I also seem to remember a post talking about a large percentage of caffeine is extracted early in the shot so pulling the shot with the first part going into the drip tray may be a way to reduce the caffeine, but I'm unable to find that reference and
this thread suggests the opposite is true so cutting the shot early may help.
This Page (
http://www.intracen.org) suggests the former idea that "caffeine extraction is not straight but is an exponential regression, meaning it starts with a fast release and then the release slows down dramatically" and credits Illy and Viani's 'Espresso Coffee - The Chemistry of Quality' for this information and
this page (
http://www.edinformatics.com) has a lot of information about caffeine that estimates 40 mg for a single, 30 ml shot and has this interesting table (and the obligatory picture of a spider's web under the influence):
Caffeine equivalents
In general, each of the following contains approximately 200 milligrams of caffeine:
* One 200 milligram caffeine pill
* One and one quarter 16 fluid ounce cans of Monster Energy (590 millilitres)
* One and a half pounds of milk chocolate (680 grams)
* Two 8 fluid ounce containers of regular coffee (470 millilitres)
* Two and a half 10 oz. bottles of Bawls caffeinated drink (740 millilitres)
* Three 8 fluid ounce cups of Red Bull energy drink (710 millilitres)
* Four 8 fluid ounce cups of Vault energy drink (1.0 litre)
* Five 1 fluid ounce shots of espresso from robusta beans (150 millilitres)
* Five 12 fluid ounce cans of typical soda pop (1.8 litres) (variable)
* Eight and a half 8 fluid ounce cups of Coca-Cola Classic (2.0 litres)
* Ten 8 fluid ounce cups of green tea (2.4 litres)
* Fifty 8 fluid ounce cups of decaffeinated coffee (12 litres)