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Exercises for tuning your barista techniques

Beginner or pro barista, all are invited to share.

Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Tue Sep 20, 2005 9:48 pm

As I reported on The Bench, the thermofilter has proven handy for increasing the accuracy of the initial HX cooling flush. This sort of "technique tuning" has me thinking about other ways of developing skills more quickly, both for newbies and advanced home baristas. Full-time baristas probably pick up a lot of this stuff over the course of a few weeks simply by pulling hundreds of shots a day, but the equivalent practice can take months for enthusiasts.

Are there "exercises" that are part of the morning routine which could be practiced in isolation? For example, here's a few that I do from time-to-time:

  • Brew temperature management (HXs) - whether using a thermocouple over the lip of the basket or thermofilter, every once and awhile I'll recalibrate what I think is the temperature to what objective instrumentation says. As a rough guide, I consider obtaining the target temperature to within 1.5F acceptable, although it isn't difficult to do a little better for the third shot and beyond. Anything above 2.5F degrees off target temperature is getting pretty sloppy, and 4F or greater is a sink shot for all but the most forgiving blends.
  • Volumetric coffee dosing - for a long time I was into weighing beans either before or after grinding to confirm the dosage. Sometimes when I'm first testing a machine the old habit will return, but generally I'm a basket volume guy. If I'm overstocked with beans, that's one place they'll be put to use: Dose, weigh, dose, weigh (repeat five times). My target accuracy is within 0.5 grams and I won't get too irritable if it remains within 0.7 grams.
  • Steaming temperature - different machines and tips steam at their own pace, but I prefer to stick with feeling the sides of the pitcher to judge the milk temperature. That can be tricky when switching from a monster steamer like the Elektra A3 to her little sister the Microcasa. I'm overdue to recalibrate by tossing in a thermometer, if only to confirm consistency across machines. I have the sneaking suspicion that the end temperature is varying too much.
  • Latte art practice - something that I loath to do. Abe jokes about my "onion" latte pours; he'd really split his sides at some of my other attempts, my odd favorite being nicknamed "butt crack" (sorry, no pictures... imagine a failed heart). I could use stale beans to provide the base for pouring; somebody suggested using a lightly dampened cup dusted with cinnamon to simulate crema action. Haven't tried it myself.
So that's my list... are there other exercises you do? I think there's a few trainers among the HB membership (malachi, ThaRiddla, King Seven, espressobsessed)... to move to the next level, do you assign "homework" to your trainees?
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Re: Exercises for tuning your barista techniques

Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by barry on Wed Sep 21, 2005 12:00 pm

HB wrote:Steaming temperature - different machines and tips steam at their own pace, but I prefer to stick with feeling the sides of the pitcher to judge the milk temperature. That can be tricky when switching from a monster steamer like the Elektra A3 to her little sister the Microcasa. I'm overdue to recalibrate by tossing in a thermometer, if only to confirm consistency across machines. I have the sneaking suspicion that the end temperature is varying too much.



sound. learn the sound of the milk. the milk will tell you when it's done.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by malachi on Wed Sep 21, 2005 5:16 pm

Taste, taste and taste some more. Taste espresso, cup coffee, taste wine...
"Taste is the only morality." -- John Ruskin
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Re: Exercises for tuning your barista techniques

Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Wed Sep 21, 2005 9:43 pm

barry wrote:sound. learn the sound of the milk. the milk will tell you when it's done.

Sound is an excellent temperature indicator for cooling flushes -- I rarely look for the "water dance" nowadays, especially since the sound is more accurate. But sound in terms of milk temperature? Sure I listen for the introduction of air ("tch tch tch"). I know the sound changes as the milk heats up, but I've never considered it for temperature because it seems so dependent on the particular machine.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by barry on Wed Sep 21, 2005 9:52 pm

the sound is independent of the machine, which is why it makes such a good reference. you listen to the suck to determine air injection and mixing; listen to the pitch to determine temperature.

with some practice you should be able to do microfoam to a specific temp (within a couple of degrees), with your eyes closed.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Wed Sep 21, 2005 9:55 pm

barry wrote:with some practice you should be able to do microfoam to a specific temp (within a couple of degrees), with your eyes closed.

Really? Thermometer free, no touch frothing... that's very Zen. Thanks, I'll give it a try.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by snoboy on Thu Sep 22, 2005 10:58 pm

barry wrote:the sound is independent of the machine, which is why it makes such a good reference. you listen to the suck to determine air injection and mixing; listen to the pitch to determine temperature.

with some practice you should be able to do microfoam to a specific temp (within a couple of degrees), with your eyes closed.


I know the sound you speak of. There seems to be a very distinct change in pitch just at the right temperature.

The real trick is pouring the latte art with your eyes closed though... like Sammy Piccolo did... in competition. :o :shock:
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by ant on Sun Sep 25, 2005 3:19 am

but also you must remember that sound varies according to how much you stretch the milk or even how much you burn the milk. It can screech and it can growl depending on what you do to it. So lets say there are several different test tracks in the album of milk, there might only be one song which can be classed as your 'favourite' and two others that are nails on a blackboard or a cat on a hot tin roof :)

Personally, I use sound alongside time and touch but also regularly go back to the thermometer.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Thu Sep 29, 2005 11:30 am

Another exercise for the bottomless portafilter fans: Use the stock double-pour spouts. I like the visual confirmation of a good extraction that bottomless portafilters afford, but it's good practice to "fly blind" on occasion. After a couple months of using the bottomless portafilters, I forgot that it takes a few extra seconds when there's spouts involved.

PS: I don't know of any cafes in our area that use the bottomless portafilters regularly... and nearly all the home baristas that I know do.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by malachi on Thu Sep 29, 2005 11:42 am

There are some problems with using bottomless portafilters in a commercial setting.
And, of course, IMHO there are some problems with using them period.
"Taste is the only morality." -- John Ruskin
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by cannonfodder on Thu Sep 29, 2005 11:43 am

I tend to switch back and forth. When I find myself spending more time watching the extraction at the expense of taste, I put the bottomless PF back in the cabinet for a couple of weeks. I find that the only time I really need to use a bottomless PF is when I go to a new blend just to make sure I have the grind correct.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Thu Sep 29, 2005 11:52 am

malachi wrote:There are some problems with using bottomless portafilters in a commercial setting.
And, of course, IMHO there are some problems with using them period.

What problems? I would think they'd be easier to use in a commercial setting - no spouts to wipe before the extraction, no spouts to rinse afterwards.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by malachi on Thu Sep 29, 2005 12:19 pm

The first test bottomless in use at Stumptown became ovalized in less than a week and broke in 10 days.
When busy you can get grounds transfer into the cup.
You cannot split shots.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by malachi on Thu Sep 29, 2005 12:21 pm

Oh... and spouts are rarely rinsed after shots are pulled. Wiped with dry rag, yes. Whole portafilter swapped out, broken down and cleaned, yes. But rinsed... not encouraged. Causes problems with extraction in some cases and is too time consuming.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by Trabant on Sun Nov 20, 2005 3:19 am

The first test bottomless in use at Stumptown became ovalized in less than a week and broke in 10 days.

Wow. What happened? I can think of several cafes using naked pfs regularly (including mine, 2% Jazz in Victoria, Murky in VA) and I've never seen this happen.

When busy you can get grounds transfer into the cup.

Same thing happens when using spouts if you aren't careful - this is an issue of the barista's technique, not the portafilter.

You cannot split shots.

pull singles - especially if you have 3-4 groups to work with ;)
A lot of cafes using traditional double spouted portafilters put both shots into the drink regardless. Guess it comes down to preference here.


Any other reasons to not use naked portafilters?
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by matt on Thu Dec 08, 2005 5:30 pm

Trabant wrote:Wow. What happened? I can think of several cafes using naked pfs regularly (including mine, 2% Jazz in Victoria, Murky in VA) and I've never seen this happen.


Actually, last I checked, Murky no longer uses them. They were the first commercial shop to use them throughout, and then stopped a few months later. When I asked Nick Cho about it, he said basically it was very good for training for tamp & distribution, but baristas were starting to get lazy about shot volume and timing. (I could very well have that wrong, as it's been a while -- we'd need to get Nick in here to double-check). So good for some things, bad for others.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by malachi on Thu Dec 08, 2005 5:44 pm

Trabant wrote:
The first test bottomless in use at Stumptown became ovalized in less than a week and broke in 10 days.

Wow. What happened? I can think of several cafes using naked pfs regularly (including mine, 2% Jazz in Victoria, Murky in VA) and I've never seen this happen.


Well... I think on the busiest day I worked at a Stumptown cafe we went through something like 150lbs of espresso blend.

Metal fatigue.
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Fri May 12, 2006 8:28 pm

To better focus on technique and less on gadgets, for months I've eschewed measuring temperature, weighing coffee, timing extractions, and whatnot. But the combination of the E61 adaptor and watching Abe at EspressoFest 2006 work with machine-like precision using his scale and auto-tamper, I'm back into hair-splitting:

Image
Target flush temperature was 206F

To assuage my guilt over backsliding into geekery, I'm combining holistic barista techniques into this regime by using the readout to confirm and correct my interpretation of the flush's spittle sound. Not looking at the readout, I try to "call the temperature" by putting my finger on the meter's hold-reading button and stopping the flush by sound alone. The goal is to be within 0.5 degree. Below three minutes since the last shot is tricky since the noise is less and the temperature's dropoff is faster. Without the readout in this case, I resign myself to flushing two ounces and living with only ~1.5F accuracy.

PS: Although I'm loving my espresso lately, Steve is giving me grief about it. OK, OK... I promise to shove all the toys in the drawer soon and "go lever, baby."
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by jrtatl on Fri May 12, 2006 9:30 pm

Dan, What's this E61 Adaptor you mention. The link you posted is in Deutsch.

As a slight hijack: have you spent much, if any, time with the Scace Device? I'm in a similar "numbers quest" and really want to find out, with more precision and accuracy, my brew temp.

Thanks,
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Link to "Exercises for tuning your barista techniques"by HB on Fri May 12, 2006 9:47 pm

Sorry about the link, it's correct now.

Bob Yellin led the review of the Scace Thermofilter Temperature Device back in August 2005 and I've been using it extensively ever since. Its strength is comparing brew performance between machines because of its exacting measurement standard (the temperature probe is precisely in the same location, same buffer medium, flow rate, etc.). The strength of the adapter I mentioned is its real-time measurement and "predictive" ability. As shown below, the data collected by these various measurement techniques is quite different:

Image
Four different repeatable measurement points. Which offers "better" information? (discussion)
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